Planning and Design of Plant Level Monitoring Information System of Dingzhou Power Plant

1 Introduction

With the arrival of the information age, thermal power plants, power systems, and power enterprise groups will form an information network that automates the production process and manages automation. On the other hand, with the deepening of power reform, the electricity market economic pattern separated from the factory network will gradually form. Under such circumstances, if the power plant wants to obtain better economic benefits, it must reduce costs, increase efficiency, and expand its own competitiveness in the market. This requires the formation of a unique monitoring and analysis level in the power plant. This level is between the process control and operation management. It is not only the integrated level of power plant control management, but also will have high precision, high speed and high reliability requirements in the physical structure. The DCS system is isolated from non-real-time, lower-reliability MIS. This level firstly gathers real-time production information through information exchange with program-controlled systems, and then uses some corresponding software tools to analyze and process the original data. Finally, the analysis results are provided to production managers to make correct decisions. This level of monitoring and analysis is the plant level monitoring information system (hereinafter referred to as SIS).

2 Project Requirements and SIS Position in Plant-wide Automation

2. 1 The Hebei Guohua Dingzhou Power Plant has a planned capacity of 4X600MW, and there is the possibility of continuing expansion. In the first phase, two 600mw coal-fired units were built. The project plans to put into production one unit in 2004 and 2005 respectively. The initial stage of this power plant is mainly loaded with full load, but considering the scale and development of power grid construction, the unit will participate in the peak adjustment. In order to improve the market competitiveness of the power plant to ensure the economic operation level of the power plant, the whole plant automation control information system set up by the SIS as an interconnection center is shown in Figure 1.  2.2. The whole plant automation control information system is mainly composed of the following systems

- Plant Level Monitoring Information System (SIS)

- Unit Distributed Control System (DCS)

- Unit public monitoring system

- Auxiliary workshop monitoring system

- Grid Monitoring System (NCS)

- Turbine Equipment Management System (TDM)

- TV monitoring system

- Management Information System (MIS)

- Quotation assistance decision system PBS (including when this system is set up independently) etc.

Except for the television monitoring system and the unit public monitoring system (connected to the SIS through DCS), all other systems are directly connected to the SIS through the communication network. The SIS network is the superior network of each unit unit DCS and each auxiliary control system. At the same time, this system provides the entire plant management information system (MIS) with all the information necessary for the production process. The plant-level monitoring information system establishes a long-term terminal and is located in the unit control room. The relationship between SIS and other systems is as follows:

1) The unit unit DCS: SIS is connected to each unit unit DCS through the network interface, receives the real-time process data parameters and equipment state information of the unit unit, performs secondary analysis and processing, and sends these information to the long value station, so that the value Long made a decision on the unit operation. DCS to SIS is a one-way communication method.

2) The SIS interfaces with the power plant MIS and provides the MIS with the necessary information for each unit unit and each auxiliary workshop, and allows the MIS to directly use the secondary processing data of the SIS. 

3) Grid dispatching system: The SIS retains the communication interface between the grid and the dispatcher so that when the conditions are ripe, the SIS performs optimal load allocation based on the operational status of each unit and issues load instructions to each unit. This feature will be considered in the final implementation. 

4) Electrical Network Control System (NCS): According to the equipment and management mode of the power grid dispatching system and the outgoing access systems of the No. 1 and No. 2 units, the current project NCS is connected to the SIS through the communication method, and the hardwired method is used in the other. Unit 2 is connected to DCS and exchanges data. The NCS sends information about the booster station to the SIS and obtains the relevant parameters and equipment status of each unit from the SIS through the communication interface. 5) Auxiliary workshop control system: The water and coal ash centralized monitoring network is provided with a communication interface for exchanging data with the SIS, and sends information on the operating parameters and equipment status to the SIS. 

6) Quoted Assistance Decision System (PBS): When the quotation assistance decision system is set up independently, the SIS sends the real-time cost related data, unit operation related data, and other real-time data required by the quotation assistance decision system to the system through the network interface. In order to achieve load forecasting and power generation quotes and other functions. 

(7) Turbine Generator Set Data Management System (TDM): The vibration analysis data of the turbine generator set is sent to the SIS through the communication interface. 

It can be seen that in the planning and design of Dingzhou Power Plant, SIS is the middle layer that links management decision-making and operation control, and plays a crucial role in the safe and economic operation of power plants. 

3 Selection and Principles of Key SIS Technologies

3.1 Network Structure

As the real-time equipment production equipment information in the SIS network will grow rapidly in the future, it is very important to build the SIS network into a network structure that can achieve a relatively bottleneck-free network in a more economical way to meet the current and future development. Between FDDI, ATM and Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet, what kind of solution can better meet the needs of Dingzhou Power Plant? The performance of the three network architecture solutions is shown in Table 1.


By comprehensive comparison, it can be seen that in the selection of the network architecture of Dingzhou Power Plant SIS, FDDI technology has advantages such as high reliability and good delay, but it has the disadvantages of complicated technology, difficult maintenance, high price, and difficulty in upgrading. In particular, expensive routers must be used between the FDDI network and other networks, which will result in a dramatic increase in costs. ATM technology has the advantages of advanced technology, wide application, high service quality, and good development prospects, but the technology is the most complicated and the highest price. The maintenance is most difficult and the specifications are not uniform. It does not apply to the SIS network. The switch-based fast/Gigabit Ethernet technology has the advantages of flexible networking, easy maintenance, widest support, and easy price acceptance. Ethernet has already achieved a high quality of service. Therefore, in the selection of the network architecture of Dingzhou Power Plant, a network solution with a Gigabit Ethernet Layer 3 routing switch as the core of the network is recommended. The network protocol is based on TCP/IP protocol. Mainly, this network architecture can provide hardware protection for the reliable use and development of SIS now and in the future. 

3.2 Core Network Switches:

As the core of data exchange, the network core switch must have extremely high performance and reliability. For this purpose, the project plans to use a Layer 3 router switch with a fully symmetrical multi-processor hardware architecture. The routing switch should have IP optimization. The network performance design and the excellent network partitioning function have multiple independent and equal processors and network interface modules in the same router switch, and they are interconnected through multiple load-balancing independent parallel buses. Failure of the processor and network interface module will not affect other modules. All the functional components (power supply, system bus, processor module, network interface module, etc.) can be hot swapped and redundant hot backup. Both switching and routing have the same high performance support for policy-based VLANs (virtual networks) and 802.1Q standards with extremely low routing switching latency, policy-based priority traffic, IP broadcast and RSVP support, providing 10Mbps Ethernet technology, 100Mbps Fast Ethernet technology to Gigabit Ethernet technology support at three different speeds. 

3.3 Real-time data server

The process real-time data server is in a key position in the SIS. It is used to store real-time data of all production processes and SIS calculations and analysis results of these materials, so that the entire plant operation management and operation management are based on a unified process data. The configuration of this server should be featured with powerful features, strong usability, good networking performance, flexible scalability, and high reliability. It should also consider adopting advanced data compression methods. 

In this project, SIS plans to use two minicomputers (using 64-bit processors) with shared disk array cabinets as backup data servers. 

3.4 real-time database software and encoding rules

As an information system oriented to the production process, the SIS database support is a very important function. It requires the SIS not only to collect the real-time data of the whole plant production process, but also to take them in its basic form (the time interval of the control system collection). , Accuracy, etc.) are saved, and meet the requirements of different authorized users and applications for different purposes, and after the secondary processing at the functional station as a calculation result and then stored in the real-time database. The project SIS real-time database selection is based on the following principles:

- High security reliability and data recovery capabilities;

——Support multi-platform structure and support standard open database interface (0DBC);

——Effective compression method is adopted to ensure real-time information and calculation and analysis result data for all production processes of the power plant (80,000 points for engineering data points and 160,000 points for label amount in this period). The online storage time is at least 3 years, compressed The data recovery scan time should be no more than 15 milliseconds. 

- Ability to communicate with its networked data sources (program control systems). They should include at least several well-known DCS systems (T-XP, OVATION, SYMPHONY, MAX-DNA, etc.) and PLC systems commonly used in China's power stations. Database;

——There should be standard interfaces with relational databases in MIS. Standard third-party products can be used as server and client hardware:

- Sufficient openness and easy maintenance and secondary development capabilities. 

Since all plant-wide information resources (including real-time I/O measurement points, plant-level equipment information, and grid-related information, etc.) are processed by the database, all information coding should be performed using the KKS power plant identification system. Unified processing, while considering the unity and interchangeability of information coding with the plant management information system (MIS) and the unit distributed control system (DCS), the system data should be automatically synchronized. When formulating coding rules, you should also consider adapting the selected data compression method. 

4 Structural Design of SIS

The overall structural connection of the plant-level monitoring information system (SIS) for the first phase of the Dingzhou Power Plant (2 x 600MW units) is shown in Figure 2. From the perspective of the system application software, the overall structure of the system is shown in Figure 3:  41 Structure Overview

The SIS of Dingzhou Power Plant is a real-time production management system with real-time database and historical database as the core. To monitor and view the real-time data and process screens of each production control system of a power plant such as a distributed control system (DCS), first, the information and real-time data of each production program are based on the requirements of the SIS and coded according to the power plant information system (in this project, KKS) is collected in the real-time database of the SIS through the data interface (data communication station in this project). The SIS real-time data server is responsible for collecting and sorting all kinds of direct and indirect real-time data, and for the SIS subsystem to call data and allow each Sub-processed data is stored in a real-time database, and the real-time database periodically transfers data to the historical database. The web server in the SIS also serves as a centralized software and data management and publishing site for the SIS, which is used by production management users to download, update, and use, and provides a simple interface for the SIS peripheral network users to query production data. Query and display of historical data or data are obtained from the SIS history database by the client application. The system engineer of SIS configures and modifies the application software such as the measuring points and screens of the real-time production system according to his own working authority, and publishes it to the client through the WEB server. 

4.2 The responsibilities of each part are as follows:

4.2.1 Data Communication Stations for Production Systems such as DCS

Receiving real-time production process data and calculation data from production systems such as DCS, converting them into power production data and calculation data required by the SIS and sending them to the SIS real-time database. Configure and manage the real-time production process data and SIS data mapping relationships of systems such as DCS, and be responsible for the synchronization of DCS and SIS measurement points. The data communication station uses reliable technical means to ensure that the stability and reliability of the lower control network is not interfered with by the SIS layer network and has a data buffer function, which can be configured through remote management. 

4.2.2 Real-time database and historical database in SIS

According to the requirements of the power plant to the database, a high-performance database should be used and the open database interface (ODBC) should be supported; all power plant production data should be recorded and used as power plant history data; multiple call and data synchronization of other SIS subsystems should be supported.

4.2.3 WEB Servers

The SIS web server mainly has the following functions:

1) As a public server for SIS and MIS. 

2) As the WWW public server of the system, all the HTML files of the management system are available for browsing within and outside the SIS network. 

3) Manage and maintain the graphical configuration of the system and run the graphical environment and graphics in real time for users to browse at the client level. 

4) Manage and maintain the factory-level point configuration table for users to browse at the customer level. 

4.2.4 SIS Advanced Application Server

Plant level production process monitoring and management

Host and Main Auxiliary Fault Diagnosis

Equipment status detection and calculation analysis

Equipment life calculation and analysis

Unit and Plant Performance Calculation and Economic Analysis

Production Support Guidance System

Load forecast (not included in this project)

Distribution of load economy (not included in current project)

4.2.5 Network Administrator Site

Maintain the stable operation of network platform software and hardware. 

4. 2 6 Engineers Site

According to the needs of the SIS network, the configuration generates and maintains a unified point table for production management;

Configuration and maintenance process monitoring system system in the SIS network of various graphic screens, such as simulation charts, trend bar, related pictures, dynamic icons, analog text, digital text, etc.;

Application software update related maintenance processing and release

4. 2. 7 total long station

Real-time monitoring of the entire plant's process production data, management of the entire plant's production according to SIS assisted production guidance, and the ability to call advanced application functions. 

42. 8 System Client

The system client is the end user interface and mainly has the following functions:

Unit real-time monitoring: through real-time display of analog diagrams, trend diagrams, bar graphs, related screens, list of measurement points, dynamic icons, analog texts, and binary texts, as well as analog, digital, analog over-limit, and switching The list of transitions and other real-time displays allows production managers to monitor each unit in real time. 

Historical curve processing: Searches and displays the historical curve of the analog measurement points of the various generator sets and electrical systems stored in the SIS database server. Production data, report generation, review, retrieval, statistics, etc. 

5 Advanced Application Analysis Features

5.1. Plant level production process monitoring and management

In this project, SIS collects a real-time parameter monitoring information from the site through network interfaces with DCS, NCS, and various auxiliary auxiliary workshop PLCs. These information reflect the entire plant's main and auxiliary equipment, process systems, and public facilities accurately and accurately. The real-time operation of the workshop can be used by the plant manager, general engineer, long-term technician, production technology manager, and dispatch center manager to understand the information they need, and to conduct effective management. 

5.2 Unit and Plant Performance Calculation and Analysis Functions

In this project, SIS adopts dedicated unit and plant-level performance calculation and analysis application software, and provides on-line calculation capabilities to calculate various efficiency (boilers, turbine generator sets and their auxiliary systems, etc.) and losses (coal) of the entire power plant. , water, electricity, heat consumption, etc.) and performance parameters, etc. These calculated values ​​and various intermediate calculation values ​​should be printed and displayed on the CRT. The performance calculation also has the function of determining whether the unit operating condition is stable, so that the performance calculation has guiding significance for the operation. During the variable load operation, the performance calculation is based on the calculated value of the stable operating conditions and is marked with an unstable operating condition. The SIS provides the performance calculation of the expected value and the actual calculated value of the comparison, the comparison of the deviation is shown in the calculation of the station and the value of the long station CRT. The long value can be used to analyze the displayed results so that the unit can run in the best condition. The system can also analyze the causes of deviations and improve the measures. 

In addition to automatically performing performance calculations online, SIS also provides an interactive performance calculation method for engineering research. 

The system can also use a variety of means to determine the effect of measurement errors on performance calculations. At the same time, it also has the ability to quantify the incorrect measurement results and specify improved measurement instrumentation, which greatly improves the accuracy of performance calculations. 

The performance calculation software has good transparency and secondary development capabilities. 

5.3 Fault Diagnosis Function of Main Unit and Main Auxiliary Equipment

In this project, SIS provides host and main auxiliary equipment and auxiliary system fault diagnosis functions based on database and expert system. Through diagnostic software, it can analyze the cause of the main and auxiliary equipment faults in real time, and provide troubleshooting methods to eliminate faults. Diagnostic information can be stored, printed, and can reflect the fault point to the process screen on the long value station, so that the value can understand the operation status of the equipment. The operating personnel of the main and auxiliary systems can quickly and accurately handle the fault. 

Troubleshooting includes the following areas:

- Main components of boilers and steam turbines:

- Send, draw fan, primary fan, air preheater, coal feeder and coal mill;

- Steam and electric feed pumps;

- The main auxiliary systems include chemical water treatment systems, condensate polishing systems, coal handling systems and ash removal systems. 

5.4 Equipment Life Calculation and Analysis

In this project, SIS provides software for equipment life calculation and analysis. The software can automatically calculate the life of important components or equipment under harsh environmental conditions based on changes in the thermal system measurement parameters of the process system and equipment. Analysis and prediction. The items that need to be calculated and analyzed include, at least, the metal life of superheaters, reheaters, steam drums, etc.; the metal life of turbine generator shaft sets, blades, and thrust shoes. Diagnostic information can be stored, printed, and reflected in the process screen on the long station. 

5.5 Equipment Status Detection and Analysis

In this project, SIS provides software for equipment condition detection and calculation analysis. This software can automatically detect major wear and leakage components of the main engine and main auxiliary equipment according to changes in the thermal measurement parameters of the process system and equipment. Judgment and calculation analysis. The items that need to be tested and calculated and analyzed include at least: leak detection of boiler furnace tubes (including water-cooled wall, superheater, and reheater tubes), wear detection of turbine thrust shoes, and so on. Diagnostic information can be stored, printed, and can reflect the point of failure to the process screen on the long station. 

Equipment status detection, equipment life calculation, and main and auxiliary engine fault diagnosis can be used as the online part and the offline part of the MIS to perform plant-wide device management.

5. 6 Real-time information management and interface data management

- Real-time data management and maintenance

- Statistical analysis of real-time information

- Real-time information query

- Configuration and editing of real-time pictures

- Data communication with DCS

- Data communication with auxiliary workshop networks, turbine TDM, electrical network control systems, etc.

- Use real-time database to store the above control system related to real-time data

5. 7 Auxiliary production guidance

Including reference operating plan, power plant balance screen, loss control, etc. 

5. 8 Economic Distribution of Loads

The economic allocation of load refers to that the SIS can determine the load distribution of each unit based on the remote AGC instruction and other production scheduling instructions combined with the operation of the main and auxiliary systems and equipment of the plant at the long-distance station of the whole plant. As an important means to increase the economic efficiency of power plants, the economic allocation of load can realize the AGC mode of “dispatch to plant” within the SIS (that is, the AGC instruction of the dispatcher, through the power data network to the SIS of the power plant, through the load of the whole plant). Economic distribution, distribute the load to each unit). However, due to the fact that in the first phase of the Dingqu Power Plant, the 220KV line of one of the two units went out and the 500KV route of the other route was temporarily applied to the AGC adjustment mode of “schedule to machine”. Therefore, the economic allocation of the load is not configured for the current period. Software, but reserves the ability to add this function in the SIS. After the completion of the second phase of the project, three units will take 500KV outlets, and then the software will be added to enable the SIS to have an economical distribution of the whole plant load-that is, the ability to dispatch to the plant. 

5. 9 load forecast function (not equipped in this period, but SIS can embed this module, can be used as the basis of PBS)

- Grid information summary;

- Grid supply and demand forecast;

- Assessment of the power plant's short- and medium-term generation capabilities. 

6 Project Implementation Prospects

The SIS construction of the Dingzhou Power Plant project has entered the stage of equipment tendering after the initial stage of the demonstration. In the implementation of the project that has been and will be carried out, the author believes that the following aspects should be done:

1) Determine the status and main functions of SIS in the whole plant automation according to the requirements of the demonstration. Based on this, determine the system integration plan, and combine the technology development to select the configuration of the computer network platform and computer system. Further clarify the technical specifications of each application software and the implementation of the interface system. 

2) Construction of computer network and hardware environment: The construction of computer network is the basis for realizing the power plant monitoring information system. The network construction includes network structure design, choice of network communication platform; selection and configuration of servers, workstations, and network equipment; selection of network operating systems; integrated wiring design and construction: interconnection with other information systems such as MIS. 

3) Introduce core software according to the needs of project verification, make core software research and selection, establish trial and training environment for core software, prepare for gradual application in project construction, conduct secondary development, and provide technology for core software stand by. 

4) According to the situation of the core software database, proceed from the application software integration plan for database planning; select the type of database management system, and define the coding rules based on the KKS code for this project in our institute to formulate the security strategy. 

5) Establish an interface system: Establish a real-time information system data communication station between the power plant control system (including DCS, NCS, auxiliary workshop control system) and the power plant SIS, and establish the data interface between SIS and other information system (MIS) systems. The SIS contractor is responsible for the overall network design of the SIS and the development of the network communication protocol and cooperates with other control and management system suppliers that are connected with the SIS, and finally realizes the normal operation of the entire system. 

6) Reasonable development of supporting peripheral software: In order to prepare data for the core software and meet other management requirements of the power plant, it is necessary to develop other necessary peripheral software and seamlessly connect it with the core software system. Further improve the functions of the whole plant in terms of production operation management and equipment management. 

7) Data preparation, establishment of rules and regulations, personnel training and system application: The application of power plant SIS is a complex system engineering. In addition to a set of advanced, practical and effective hardware platforms and application software systems, it is necessary to establish a set of There are rules and regulations that ensure the effective operation of the system. Train users who can understand advanced management models and use the system freely, and have system administrators who ensure the safety and reliability of the system. 

7 Conclusion

As the domestic SIS construction is still in its infancy, the system construction of SIS in Dingzhou Power Station also needs to be continuously improved. After the completion of the system construction, it will communicate with various units in the network.